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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
In the ocean this is the process by which bacteria use nitrate instead of oxygen as an oxidant of organic matter. It may be considered as the biological reduction of nitrate or nitrite to nitrogen or nitrous oxide. This takes place under low oxygen conditions.
Industry:Earth science
In the ocean, temperature microstructure that remains after the turbulence that presumably created it decays, i.e. there is no velocity microstructure.
Industry:Earth science
In the ocean, the sunlit layer from the surface to the depth of 1% light level wherein most of the primary productivity takes place. The depth varies geographically and seasonally and can range from a few meters in turbid, highly productive waters near the shore to around 200 m in tropical waters. The ocean average is around 100 m. It is a zone with sharp gradients in illumination, temperature and salinity, and overlies the aphotic zone. It is also known as the photic zone.
Industry:Earth science
In the theory of the ventilated thermocline, a deepening mixing layer allows only a narrow range of density to subduct at any geographical location. Only water of a particular density class is able to enter the thermocline at a given position. Stommel likened the process to the role of the demons in Maxwell’s theory of gases. This has led to referring to the selection process of subducted density as Stommel’s demon.
Industry:Earth science
In tidal studies, the amount of time by which a tidal phase lags the previous day’s corresponding phase. These lags average about 50 minutes.
Industry:Earth science
In translation, the French National Oceanographic Data Center. See the SISMER Web site149.
Industry:Earth science
Influence and Variability of the Asian summer monsoon, a project sponsored by the European Commission. The project goals are:
to improve the simulation of the mean evolution of the monsoon, including its intraseasonal characteristics;
to assess the ability of models to simulate the intraseasonal characteristics, particularly active/ break phases, monsoon depressions, and sensitiivty of the simulations to horizontal resolution;
to investigate the mechanisms involved in the intraseasonal variability through coordinated sensitivity experiments, i.e. to study the roles of land surface processes, atmosphere–ocean interactions over the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea, and internal dynamics; and
to investigate the relationship between intraseasonal and interannual variability.
Industry:Earth science
Initiated in 1988 by the WCRP to observe and model the hydrologic cycle and energy fluxes in the atmosphere , at the land surface, and in the upper oceans. It is an integrated program of research, observations, and science activities leading to the prediction of global and regional climate change. GEWEX hydrometeorology and land-surface projects include the GRDC, ISLSCP, GCIP, BALTEX, GAME, LBA, and MAGS. Radiation projects include the BSRN, CPRP, GPCP, GVaP, ISCCP, and SRB. Modeling and prediction projects are GCSS, G-NEP and PILPS.
Industry:Earth science
It was established in 1988 and currently has approximately 700 faculty and staff. It consists of departments in Geology and Geophysics, Meteorology, Oceanography, and Ocean Engineering, as well as three institutes:
Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP)
Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB)
Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI)
Industry:Earth science
Joseph Proudman (1888–1975) occupied the chair of applied mathematics at Liverpool University from 1919 to 1933, then the chair of oceanography until his retirement in 1954. On his initiatives, the Tidal Institute (now the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory) at Bidston Observatory, near Liverpool, was founded (1919) and, much later (1949), the National Institute of Oceanography (now the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences), headquartered near Godalming, Surrey. Of Proudman’s published scientific work, about two–thirds is on the theory of ocean tides, and most of the rest is about other aspects of oceanography.
Industry:Earth science
