- Sektör: Education
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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
Any of several factors which can change the balance between the energy (in the form of solar radiation) absorbed by the Earth and that emitted by it in the form of long-wave infrared radiation, i.e. the radiative forcing of climate. Examples include changes in the amount or seasonal distribution of solar radiation that reaches the Earth due to Milankovitch forcing, changes in the albedo due to desertification, deforestation, or changes in ice area, and the absorption of solar radiation by aerosols in the atmosphere.
Industry:Earth science
Any series of observations of a physical variable that is sampled at changing time intervals. A regular sampling interval is usually presumed although not required.
Industry:Earth science
Any water with salinity values less than 34.4 that enters the arctic domain from the polar domain in the North Atlantic. The temperatures of PW are typicall low although they can reach 3 to 5° C in the summer. The lowest salinities observed are summer salinities less than 30 in the East Greenland Current. The total transport of PW into the arctic domain is not well known but usually estimated at around 1 Sv.
Industry:Earth science
Approximations to the primitive equations that filter out the inertia–gravity waves but retain the geostrophic motions. Examples include:
planetary geostrophic equations
quasi–geostrophic equations
semi–geostrophic equations 48 The primitive and planetary geostrophic equations can be seen as the limiting cases, with the former including all motions and the latter filtering a wide range of motions via its complete omission of inertia. The other equation sets are attempts to find a compromise between the former and latter.
Industry:Earth science
Baroclinic eddies composed of LIW as hypothesized by Millot (1999). These are posited to form as the LIW becomes unsable as it passes the open southwest corner of the Sardinian slope. They propagate into the interior of the Algerian Basin and contribute to the occurrence of recent LIW there.
Industry:Earth science
Brainerd and Gregg (1995) define this as “the depth zone being actively mixed from the surface at a given time, generally corresponding to the depth zone in which there is strong turbulence directly driven by surface forcing.” Compare to mixed layer.
Industry:Earth science
Carl Eckart (1902–1973) began his scientific work as a quantum physicist, and in midcareer turned towawrd continuum mechanics. He was a member of the physics faculty at the University of Chicago from 1928 until he joined the faculty at the University of California in San Diego (La Jolla) in 1946, where he had been engaged in research on underwater sound for the U.S. Navy since 1941. In La Jolla, he was appointed director of the Marine Physics Laboratory, and for two years was director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
Industry:Earth science
Carried out in April 1994 at an ice camp north of Svalbard. A joint US/Russian scientific party deployed an experimental 20 MHz source and transmitted various signals to listening stations in the Beaufort and Lincoln Seas for 5 days. TAP was a feasibility test to see if acoustic signals could be used to study the Arctic and monitor it on a long term basis.
Industry:Earth science
Characteristic of a system (the climate, etc.) wherein the output is always proportional to the input. As such, the output from a linear system can be predicted from knowledge of the input. An equivalent definition of a linear system is a system that satisifies the superposition principle, i.e. the combined effect on the output of two separate and distinct inputs can be found simply by combining, or superposing, their individual effects.
Industry:Earth science
Colorado. NCAR comprises five divisions: (1) Atmospheric Chemistry Division (ACD), (2) Atmospheric Technology Division (ATD), (3) Climate and Global Dynamics Division (CGD), (4) Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division (MMM), and (5) Scientific Computing Division (SCD).
Industry:Earth science
